Identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/17097
Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Adequacy among an Older Spanish Population with Metabolic Syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Identifiers
DOI: 10.3390/nu11050958
eISSN: 2072-6643
WOS ID: 000471021600018
Scopus EID: 2-s2.0-85065473880
PMID: 31035497
Embase PUI: L2002183470
Share
Statistics
Item usage statisticsMetadata
Show Dublin Core item recordAuthor
Cano-Ibanez, Naomi; Gea, Alfredo; Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A.; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Dolors Zomeno, M.; Romaguera, Dora







Publication date
2019-05Document type
research articleCitation
Cano-Ibanez N, Gea A, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Salas-Salvado J, Corella D, Dolors Zomeno M, et al. Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Adequacy among an Older Spanish Population with Metabolic Syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Nutrients. 2019 May;11(5):958.Abstract
Dietary guidelines emphasize the importance of a varied diet to provide an adequate nutrient intake. However, an older age is often associated with consumption of monotonous diets that can be nutritionally inadequate, increasing the risk for the development or progression of diet-related chronic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). To assess the association between dietary diversity (DD) and nutrient intake adequacy and to identify demographic variables associated with DD, we cross-sectionally analyzed baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial: 6587 Spanish adults aged 55-75 years, with overweight/obesity who also had MetS. An energy-adjusted dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated using a 143-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient inadequacy was defined as an intake below 2/3 of the dietary reference intake (DRI) forat least four of 17 nutrients proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between DDS and the risk of nutritionally inadequate intakes. In the higher DDS quartile there were more women and less current smokers. Compared with subjects in the highest DDS quartile, those in the lowest DDS quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake: odds ratio (OR) = 28.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 20.80-39.21). When we estimated food varietyfor each of the food groups, participants in the lowest quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake for the groups of vegetables, OR = 14.03 (95% CI 10.55-18.65), fruits OR = 11.62 (95% CI 6.81-19.81), dairy products OR = 6.54 (95% CI 4.64-9.22) and protein foods OR = 6.60 (95% CI 1.96-22.24). As DDS decreased, the risk of inadequate nutrients intake rose. Given the impact of nutrient intake adequacy on the prevention of non-communicable diseases, health policies should focus on the promotion of a healthy varied diet, specifically promoting the intake of vegetables and fruit among population groups with lower DDS such as men, smokers or widow(er)s.
Publisher version
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11050958MeSH
Metabolic SyndromeAged
Humans
Recommended Dietary Allowances
Diet Surveys
Middle Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Obesity
Nutritional Status
Diet
Male
Multivariate Analysis
Female
Logistic Models
DeCS
Ingesta Diaria RecomendadaModelos Logísticos
Síndrome Metabólico
Femenino
Análisis Multivariante
Estado Nutricional
Dieta
Masculino
Encuestas sobre Dietas
Estudios Transversales
Humanos
Persona de Mediana Edad
Obesidad
Anciano